Chicago style format. Chicago style manual in 5 pages

Chicago is one of the most used styles for academic writing. It was developed by the University of Chicago Press and first published in 1906. This style includes rules for how to format, cite, and reference sources used in a work. This style is also known as Turabian because A Manual for Writers of Research Papers, Theses, and Dissertations (a book written by Kate L. Turabian) uses Chicago style rules. The Chicago style format consists of four main parts: page format, text layout format, citation format, and citation format. Page format includes rules about font size, line spacing, margins, and more. Text layout formats include rules about using italics and bold and page numbering. The reference format contains instructions on how to write a reference list at the end of your document. And the citation format contains instructions on how to cite the sources used in your text.

What is chicago style

The Chicago manual includes rules for typing, formatting, and citing different sources. This includes how to write book titles, journal articles, and reports; how to make a reference list; and how to use punctuation and quotes. This manual also provides instructions on how to create footnotes, bibliography, and abstracts. The Chicago Manual is the standard used by many universities in the United States for academic work. It is also used by many scientific journals and other professional publications. It is important to ensure that all sources you use in your research are properly presented according to the rules of the Chicago Manual.

The Chicago style includes rules for typing, formatting, and citing sources. This includes: • Correct use of punctuation and capitalization. • Use of a font style appropriate to the type of document (eg Times New Roman 12-point for text). • Use of parentheses, quotation marks and exclamation marks. • Use of page numbers at the bottom of each page. • Use of a reference list at the end of the document which contains information about the sources used in the text. • Use of number and date formats according to the country where the document was issued. • Use of an academic writing style appropriate to a particular social science field (history, fine arts, etc.).

The not-bibliographical system uses numbers placed at the end of sentences or paragraphs that contain references, and a list of footnotes that contain complete information about the sources. The author-date system uses the author’s name and year of publication in the text, with a reference list containing full information about the source. The author must choose one system and use it consistently.

Numbered footnotes in the text refer to entries located on the bibliography page. This entry contains information about the source, including the author’s name, book title, year of publication, and editor’s location. Footnotes can also include information about specific chapters or sections that have been used by the author. After reading the footnotes, readers can find the original source to view more information.

Example: In-text citation: “Government policies that focus on people’s welfare have improved their quality of life” (Smith, 2019, p. 25). Entries on the reference page: Smith, J. (2019). Government Policy and Community Welfare. Journal of Social Sciences, 25-30.

It can also be used to write other scientific works, such as theses and dissertations. This format has several differences from the Chicago style, including the use of shorter citations and a different arrangement for the list of references.

How are Chicago and Turabian styles different?

Title Page: The title page includes the document title, author name, and other information that may be required. Main Body: The main body is the core part of the paper. It contains the main text, paragraphs and footnotes. Bibliography: A bibliography is a list of sources used to create a document. This includes books, journal articles, websites and other sources.

General rule

1. Use Times New Roman font size 12 and break one line. 2. Write the title of the essay at the top of the page, written in large and bold letters. 3. Do not use punctuation marks such as exclamation points, question marks, or quotation marks for your essay titles. 4. Use page numbers at the bottom of each page, from page 2 to the end of your essay. 5. Write the author’s name at the bottom of the first page, to the right of page number 1. 6. Use an academic and formal writing style without using slang or jargon that is not commonly used in academic research. 7. If you use other sources in your essay, be sure to give credit to those sources by including footnotes and a list of references that conform to the Chicago Style Citation Manual (CMS) format. 8. Be sure to check your essay before submitting to ensure that all information presented is true and accurate and free of spelling and grammatical errors

• Font: Clear and easy to read, the preferred font is Times New Roman or Courier
• Font size: generally not less than 10pt, but preferably 12pt
• Spaces: doubled everywhere except in block citations, table titles, notes, figure figures, and bibliography or reference entries
• Space between paragraphs: none
• Margins: Not less than 1″
• Chicago Style Page Number: placed in the upper right corner of each page excluding the title page, so the first page of the main body must be numbered at 1
• Footnotes: must be assigned to the quoted or paraphrased passage if you are using the Note-Bibliography method.

Chicago Style Cover Page

1. Title: Write the title of your work in the center of the page, in large, bold letters. 2. Author’s Name: Write the author’s name below the title, in lowercase and bold. 3. Institution: Write the name of the institution related to your work below the author’s name, also in lowercase and bold. 4. Date: Write the creation date of your work under the institution, also in lowercase and bold. 5. White Space: Leave about one inch of blank space between these sections of the cover page to enhance the aesthetics of your cover page.

• The paper or article title should be placed a third down the top of the page and centered.
• The document title must be followed by the author’s name, class information, and date (all placing a few lines below the title).
• All double spacing.
• If you need to include subtitles as well, end the title line with a colon and type the subtitles on the following lines.

Chicago style in text quote

main body

1. The writer must use a clear and simple writing style, with short sentences and short paragraphs. 2. Authors must use correct punctuation and accurate spelling. 3. The author must include sources cited or used in the text, including the author’s name, book title, date of publication, and location of publication. 4. Authors should ensure that the information in the main body of the text is accurate and up to date. 5. Authors should use a consistent style throughout the text, including font, font size, line spacing, and other layout formatting.

• Source titles placed in papers, notes, and bibliographies must follow the main style capitalization.
• Titles placed in papers, notes, and bibliographies may be italicized or taken in quotation marks based on the type of work they refer to:
• Titles of larger works, including books and periodicals – should be italicized.
• Titles of shorter works, including chapters and articles – Must be put in quotes.
• Titles of most poems – Must be enclosed in double quotes.
• Longer title of the poem – should be italicized.
• Game title – should be italicized.
• In other cases – Be sure to take a minimalist approach to capitalization. Don’t overuse italics or quotation marks for no reason. Also, use lowercase when there’s no need for uppercase.
• When quoting something, make sure to block quotes where needed. For prose, it is recommended to block quotes when they are longer than five lines. Read more details about block quotes further in this article.

Chicago style headed

1. Use uppercase and lowercase for titles and subtitles. Titles must be written in capitals and bold, while subtitles must be written in lowercase. 2. Use appropriate punctuation to separate headings and subtitles. Usually, a colon (:) is used to separate the title and subtitle. 3. Use clear and concise words to effectively state the contents of the document. Don’t use long sentences or jargon that your readers won’t be familiar with. 4. Create a title that describes the contents of the document accurately but briefly. This will help readers find the information they are looking for more quickly and easily.

• Place all subheadings on a new line.
• Follow the style of headline capitalization.
• Maintain consistency and parallel structure across all headings and subheadings.
• Authors may use different font sizes to differentiate subheadings.
• It is recommended not to end subheadings with a period.
• There must be a maximum of three hierarchical levels.
• All levels must be consistent and clear.
• To vary the degree of hierarchy, authors may use a different font, bold or italic, or different placement on the page (either left flush or centered preferably).

1. Main Title: Uppercase and Bold, Centered 2. First Subtitle: Uppercase and Bold, Left-Aligned 3. Second Subtitle: Lowercase and Bold, Left-Aligned 4. Third Subtitle: Lowercase, Italicized, Left-Aligned

1. Adventure on a Mysterious Island 2. Searching for Treasure in a Volcano 3. Rescuing the Princess from the Demon Queen 4. Solving Secret Riddles in the Labyrinth 5. Encountering Sea Monsters in the Dark Ocean 6. Finding the Key to the Secret Door 7. Defeating the King of Truth in the Sky Kingdom 8. Unlocking to Enter the Magical World

Quote In Text Chicago Style

For the Author-Date system, you must include the year and author’s name at the end of each citation. This is usually written in parentheses. For example: (Smith 2020). If you are using the same source repeatedly, all you need to do is include the author’s name and year in each citation.

1. The author’s name must be written in capital letters, followed by a comma. 2. The year is written in a four-digit number, followed by a comma. 3. The title must be written in bold or italic, followed by an end point.

• The author’s last name, publication date, and page number should all be included in parentheses.
• No punctuation is allowed between the author’s last name and the date of publication.
• No abbreviations allowed.
• Separate the publication date and page number with a comma.
• When there is no author, you should use the short title of the source in your in-text citation.
• If citing multiple sources on the same page, cite the full source after the last reference.

Chicago manual example in style citation text: “That’s how the general learns what the whole town already knows: not one but several assassination plots against him are brewing, and his last backer is in the house trying to thwart it.” (GarcÃa Márquez 1990, 18)

Chicago quote block.

Quotations must be marked with quotation marks, and each new line within the quotation must begin with a tab. After the citation, you must include a reference indicating the original source of the citation. This reference is usually in the form of the author’s name and the title of the book or article.

1. Use double quotation marks (“”) to mark quotations from outside sources. 2. Use square brackets ([ ]) to mark a quote that comes from an outside source and is modified by the author. 3. Use single quotation marks (‘) to mark words or phrases that are used commonly and do not originate from an outside source. 4. Use double quotation marks (“”) to mark words or phrases that are used commonly and come from outside sources.

• Always start block quotes on a new line.
• Do not put such passages in quotation marks.
• Indent quote blocks with the word processor’s indentation tool.

Prose example of a Chicago-style block quote with the author-date system: In his paradise of Lima, he had spent a joyous evening with a young girl who was well covered, right under every millimeter of her Bedouin skin. At dawn, while he was shaving, he saw her lying naked in bed, adrift in the peaceful sleep of a contented woman, and he could not resist the temptation to possess her forever by a sacramental act. He covered it from head to toe with his talented barber, and with pleasure as in love he shaved it with the razor, sometimes using his right hand and sometimes his left as he shaved every part of her body, even the eyebrows that grew together, and left it doubled in the body of an extraordinary newborn. She asks, her soul in decay, if she truly loves him, and he responds with the same ritualized phrase that she’s lived without pity in many hearts throughout her life: “More than anyone else in this world. (Garcá Márquez 1990, 270) )

Sample Poetry from a Chicago-style quote block with the author-date system: All the world stage,
And all men and women are just players;
They have their exits and their entrances,
And one man in his time plays many parts,
The action is seventy. At first, baby,
Mewling and Pukawat in the nurse’s arms. (Shakespeare 1623, 34)

Sample Prose CHICAGO Style Block Offering Notes-Bibliography: In his paradise of Lima, he had spent a joyous evening with a young girl who was well covered, right under every millimeter of her Bedouin skin. At dawn, while he was shaving, he saw her lying naked in bed, adrift in the peaceful sleep of a contented woman, and he could not resist the temptation to possess her forever by a sacramental act. He covered it from head to toe with his talented barber, and with pleasure as in love he shaved it with the razor, sometimes using his right hand and sometimes his left as he shaved every part of her body, even the eyebrows that grew together, and left it doubled in the body of an extraordinary newborn. She asks, her soul in decay, if she truly loves him, and he replies with the same ritualized phrase that she has lived without pity in many hearts throughout her life: “More than anyone else in this world.”
_________________
¹. Gabriel Garcá Márquez, “the general in his labyrinth”. Alfred A. KNOPF, 1990.

Sample Poems from the Chicago Style Block Bibliographical Offering Notes System: All the world stage,
And all men and women are just players;
They have their exits and their entrances,
And one man in his time plays many parts,
The action is seventy. At first, baby,
Mewling and Pukawat in the nurse’s arms. ²
_________________
² William Shakespeare, “first folio”. Edward Blount and William and Isaac Jaggard, 1623.

Numbers and acronyms.

An acronym is an abbreviation made up of the first letters of several words. Acronyms are used to simplify and make it easier to use long and complex words or phrases. When you first refer to acronyms, you should define what they stand for. For example, the acronym LGBT stands for Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, and Transgender. It reflects groups fighting for social and political rights for people with non-normative sexual and gender identities.

Example: The HPI (House Price Index) shows…

Chicago Style Bibliography: Footnotes and Endnotes

Footnotes or endnotes must follow each parenthesis. Footnotes and endnotes contain information about the source you used, including the author’s name, book title, date of publication, and page you used. The format differs for Chicago and Turabian writing styles. The Chicago style requires complete information in a single footnote; the Turabian style requires basic information in parentheses in the text and more detailed information in the endnotes.

Chicago style footnote

1. Provide information about the original source of the quote, passage, or paraphrased information. 2. Provide links to original sources to make it easier for readers to find them. 3. Provide further explanation on the topic related to the paraphrased quote, passage, or information. 4. Provide references to other sources relevant to the topics discussed on the page.

• Provide short quotations to cite and paralyze materials.
• Provide additional explanations or notes on some terms, phrases, etc.
• Provide background information if necessary.
• Provide links to outside sources.
• Mention copyright permission, etc.

1. Author Name, Book Title (City: Publisher, Year of Publication), page cited. Example: John Smith, The History of the World (New York: Penguin Books, 2020), 45.

• Place footnotes at the bottom of the page.
• Include footnotes on the same page where the information you stated was provided.
• Number each note with the same number after the quote or section you quoted.
• When first making notes for a particular source, include all of the following information: Author’s full name, source title, and publication details.
• When you cite the same source again, the note only requires the author’s surname, the shortened form of the title (if the title is longer than 4 words), and the page number.
• If you are citing the same source and page more than twice, use the word “ibid.” which means “from the same place.” If they are from different pages, use the word “ibid.”, but also follow it with the page number.

CHICAGO Sample Paint Example: Footnotes are used in Chicago/Turabian style paper.¹ There are many reasons why footnotes are a useful tool: perhaps the main one is quick and easy access to information.² Not surprisingly, students also prefer footnotes and confuse bibliography pages, because they carry more information; footnote presents cons .³
_________________
¹ Jan Hudson, “Chicago/Turabian: Why you should use it”. New York Times publication, 2003. Although they are used in the Chicago/Turabian style, they are often used in other citation styles.
² Hudson, “Why you should use” 12-33. Quick and easy access can also be provided by the bibliography page at the end of the essay, however, statistics show that very few students take the time to access it while many read the footnotes at the end of the page.
³ ibid. This is a strong statement, perhaps, because footnotes have one that cannot be dealt with in this paper: they sometimes cause readers to lose their train of thought.

Chicago Endnotes style.

Endnotes provide space to include sources that cannot be mentioned directly in the text. This also allows the author to provide additional information or comments that are not relevant to the main storyline. Chicago endnotes use Arabic numerals to refer to notes in the text and use superscript numbers. Each endnote must begin with the appropriate Arabic numeral, followed by a full stop, space, and endnote text.

This can be a quote, reference, or other explanation related to the endnote. Authors may also use superscript numbers to refer to endnotes elsewhere in the text. In this way, writers can make their texts easier for readers to understand and follow.

Chicago style bibliography.

References must be written according to the format specified by the publisher or writing instructions.

1. Use a 12-point Times New Roman font for the main text. 2. Use 1 inch (2.54 cm) left and right margins. 3. Use serif punctuation such as colons (:) and semicolons (;). 4. Place page numbers at the bottom of each page, away from the left margin. 5. Place the author’s name at the top of each page, away from the right margin. 6. Don’t use dividing lines between Chicago-style reference entries. 7. Use a single-space indent for each entry that just starts with a Chicago-style reference. 8. Use italics for book titles, article titles, song titles, and movie/television titles when creating Chicago-style reference entries. 9. Place the editor’s name at the end after the composer’s name when creating a Chicago-style reference entry for books edited by someone other than the author himself.

• This page should include a separate entry for each resource you have used and may also include other relevant sources.
• Each entry must start on a new line.
• At the top of the page, there should be a centered title – bibliography (for tone-bibliographical style) or references (for author-dating style).
• Entries must be listed in alphabetical order.

Chicago style quote

An example of a Chicago-style citation is as follows: John Smith, “Title of Article,” Page 5, Name of Journal, Month Year of Publication, Publisher.

1. Quotations of more than 100 words should be written as separate text, indented 1 inch (2.5 cm) from the left margin and without quotation marks. 2. Quotations shorter than 100 words must be included in the main text and quoted in single quotation marks (“). 3. After each citation, you must include the appropriate source reference at the end of the paragraph or at the end of the chapter. This reference must contain name of the author, title of the book/article, and date of publication 4. If you use information suggested by another author without citing it directly, you still have to provide a source reference to ensure that you do not commit plagiarism 5. If you use the information suggested by another author and want to quote directly, you should cite your full source at the end of the paragraph or at the end of the chapter as usual.

• Author’s name: State the last and first name of each author.
• Titles: Older working titles, such as books and journals, are italicized. Titles of shorter works, such as articles, chapters, and poems, are placed in quotation marks.
• Publication information: The publisher is listed first, followed by the journal name.
• Punctuation: In Chicago-style paper, all major elements are separated by periods.

1. Book: Author Name. Book title. Xth edition. Publisher Name, Year of Publication, pages. Example: Smith, John. The Art of Writing. 2nd ed. Oxford University Press, 2018, p. 15-20. 2. Journal Article: Author Name. “Article Title.” Journal Name, Volume (Year): Pages. Example: Jones, Mary. “The Power of Language.” Journal of Literary Studies, 5 (2019): 45-50. 3. Website: Name of Author or Organization of Website Management (if any). “Page Title.” Website Name, URL (accessed date). Example: American Psychological Association (APA). “APA Style Guide to Electronic References.” APA Style Website, https://apastyle.apa.org/style-grammar-guidelines/references/electronic-references (accessed April 8, 2020).

1. The Catcher in the Rye, J.D. Salinger 2. To Kill a Mockingbird, Harper Lee 3. 1984, George Orwell 4. The Great Gatsby, F. Scott Fitzgerald 5. Lord of the Flies, William Golding 6. Animal Farm, George Orwell 7. Brave New World, Aldous Huxley 8. The Grapes of Wrath, John Steinbeck 9. Of Mice and Men, John Steinbeck 10. The Alchemist, Paulo Coelho

• First footnote: Anastasia Rheinbay, dancing in flight: my journey as an artist. (New York: Penguins, 2014), 33-45.
• Second footnote: Rheinbay, dancing in flight, 9.
• In the bibliography: Rheinbay, Anastasia. Dancing in flight: My journey as an artist. New York: Penguins, 2014.

1. 1984, George Orwell and Erich Fromm 2. The Catcher in the Rye, J.D. Salinger and A.E. Hotchner 3. To Kill a Mockingbird, Harper Lee and Mary McDonough Murphy 4. The Great Gatsby, F. Scott Fitzgerald and Matthew J. Bruccoli 5. Lord of the Flies, William Golding and Stephen King

• First footnote: Inna P. James and Ryan Grist, how there is: How there is not, 1999-2003 (New York: McGraw Hill, 2002), 58.
• Second footnote: James and Gris, no, 58.
• In the bibliography: James, Inna P., and Gris Ryan. How there is: How there is not, 1999-2003. New York: McGraw Hill, 2002.

Translated books are books that were originally written in another language and then translated into a different language. Typically, this book will include all of the information and ideas contained in the original book, but in a different language. Some examples of books that have been translated include Harry Potter by J.K. Rowling, The Catcher in the Rye by J.D. Salinger, and The Little Prince by Antoine de Saint-Exupéry.

The writer is the person who writes a text, while the translator is the person who translates the text from one language to another.

• First footnote: Kate Cassimer, philosophy of happiness, Trance. Fritz c.a. Koelln and James P. Leston (New York: Beacon Press, 1955), 14.
• Second footnote: Cassimer, Kate. Happiness philosophy. Translated by Fritz C.A. Koelln and James P.
• In the bibliography: Cassimer, Kate. Happiness philosophy. Translated by Fritz C.A. Koelln and James P. Leston. New York: Beacon Press, 1955.

Book chapter is a part of a book that covers a certain topic. Usually, each chapter has a title and contains information relevant to its topic. The chapters in a book are usually ordered logically to make it easier for readers to find the information they are looking for.

• First footnote: John D. Rockefeller, “How I Made My Millions.” Easy to get rich: first person of steel. (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2011), 73.
• Second footnote: Rockefeller, “jaan made,” 72-75.
• In the bibliography: Rockefeller, John D. “How I Made My Millions.” Easy to get rich: first person of steel. 72-75. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2010.

E-books are digital books that can be read on electronic devices such as computers, tablets and smartphones. They are typically distributed in a variety of formats, including PDF, EPUB, and MOBI. E-books offer readers the convenience of being able to access their favorite books anytime and anywhere. Additionally, they often come with features such as searchable text, interactive elements, and multimedia content.

• First footnote: Henry James, turn of the screw (New York: Penguin Classics, 2007), Kindle Edition.
• Second footnote: James, turn the screw.
• In the bibliography: James, Henry. Screw rotation. New York: Penguin Classics, 2007. Kindle Edition.

Bibliography: 1. Author Name, Article Title, Journal Name, Volume and Number, Year of Publication, Pages. 2. Author Name, Article Title, Journal Name, Volume and Number, Year of Publication, Pages. 3. Author Name, Article Title, Journal Name, Volume and Number, Year of Publication, Pages. 4. Author Name, Article Title, Journal Name, Volume and Number, Year of Publication, Pages. 5. Author Name, Article Title, Journal Name, Volume and Number

• First footnote: Aidan Novak, “Transgender Journey: Woman” Health Men’s 58 (2023): #238.
• Second footnote: Novak, “Transgender Journey: Woman,” 52.
• In the bibliography: Novak, Aidan. “The Transgender Journey: Women.” Men’s Health (2023): #238 52-60.

A website is a page or collection of pages created by a person or organization for a specific purpose. These pages usually contain information, pictures, videos, and more. The website can be accessed via the internet using a web browser.

Note: “In December 2017, a wall bordering Mexico and the United States will be constructed, as listed on the National United States government website (https://www.usa.gov/border-wall, accessed November 15, 2017).

• First footnote: “FDA Guidelines.” Last modified May 18, 2011, {Link}
• Second footnote: “FDA Guidelines.”